Why do glass windows fog up and form water droplets?
Release date:
2025-09-01
Since the start of winter, many of you may have noticed a common phenomenon: every morning, you wake up to find numerous water droplets forming on your home windows. As the weather continues to cool, this issue has become even more pronounced—so much so that condensation often drips down the glass and pools on the window sills. In fact, this is a perfectly normal physical phenomenon known as "condensation." It occurs when there’s a significant temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, combined with high humidity levels inside the home. When warm, moisture-laden air comes into contact with the relatively cooler surface of the glass, the water vapor in the air condenses into tiny droplets—or fog. Over time, as these droplets accumulate, they eventually form visible water beads. Keen-eyed observers might also notice that condensation tends to be most severe in bedrooms first thing in the morning, while living rooms experience it less frequently. This highlights how, during the evening, outdoor temperatures hit their lowest point of the day. Meanwhile, people typically keep doors and windows tightly shut at night, limiting indoor air circulation. Additionally, human breathing naturally warms the air inside, further contributing to higher humidity levels. Some households even use humidifiers to boost indoor moisture, inadvertently exacerbating the problem. It’s worth noting that single-pane windows are far more prone to this issue compared to double-glazed ones. To prevent condensation from becoming a nuisance, consider reducing indoor humidity levels and improving ventilation. Another helpful tip: when renovating, installing radiators directly beneath windows can significantly minimize the occurrence of condensation by warming the surrounding air and reducing the temperature differential between the room and the glass surface.
A new anti-fog product has recently appeared on the market, claimed to significantly reduce fogging—such as that caused by temperature differences—on glass surfaces like windows, doors, or car windshields. The author hasn't tested it personally, but if you're interested, why not pick up a bottle and give it a try?
Here’s a simple trick to prevent fogging: Apply a thin layer of soap onto the glass, let it dry completely, and then wipe it clean with a dry cloth. This treated glass will stay clear and free of fog for a long time.
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